Here’s an AI outline because this was actually a good talk:

• How Platforms Die

  • The speaker introduces the concept of platform decay or “enshittification” and how it leads to the death of internet platforms.
    • He defines platforms as firms like Uber, Amazon, and Facebook that connect users and business customers.
  • He outlines a 3-stage process called enshittification where platforms:
    • Are initially good to users
    • Abuse users to benefit business customers
    • Eventually abuse business customers to only benefit shareholders
  • This results in the platform becoming a “pile of shit” that dies.

• Facebook Case Study

  • He uses Facebook as a case study of enshittification’s 3 stages:
    • Initially attracted users by promising privacy protections and custom feeds
    • Then broke promises and sold user data to advertisers and flooded feeds with publisher content
    • Finally, reduced value to users and fees for publishers to extract all value for shareholders
      • This led to an angry user base and brittle equilibrium

• Causes of Enshittification

  • Lack of Competition
    • Weak antitrust enforcement has allowed consolidation across industries
    • Companies can use predatory pricing to undercut competitors
    • Mergers eliminate competition
      • Example: Google relying on acquisitions rather than in-house innovation
  • Unrestricted “Backend Tweaking”
    • Tech platforms control the algorithms and systems behind their products
    • They can arbitrarily change these to alter user experiences
      • e.g. Facebook reducing visibility of publisher content in feeds
    • Done without transparency, oversight or accountability
  • Bans on Reverse Engineering
    • Laws like DMCA 1201 and CFAA criminalize circumventing DRM and terms of service
    • Makes it illegal to reverse engineer platforms to enable interoperability
    • Tech companies use IP laws to prevent modding and adversarial interoperability
      • e.g. Apple using IP laws to prevent iOS modding

• Solutions

  • Strengthen Antitrust Enforcement
    • Block anti-competitive mergers
    • Break up existing tech giants
  • Pass Privacy, Labor and Consumer Protection Laws
    • Comprehensive federal privacy laws with private right of action
    • End worker misclassification through gig economy
    • Apply consumer protection standards to platforms
  • Allow Adversarial Interoperability
    • Roll back laws criminalizing modding, reverse engineering
    • Use government procurement to incentivize open ecosystems
    • Appoint special masters to oversee platform legal threats
  • Keep Interoperators in Check
    • Bind interoperators to the same privacy, fair trading and labor laws
    • Determined through democratic process vs corporate policy

• Conclusion

  • We need to prepare and spread these policy ideas to capitalize on the next crisis
  • Efforts are underway to enable a better internet through this approach

And we’re basically entirely dependent on the EU to enact laws to enforce the interoperability required to reduce switching costs to allow for reverse network effects to break up tech/platform monopolies.

Regulatory capture is so deeply entrenched in American politics that it will take decades to unwind.